{"id":171,"date":"2025-12-14T08:24:08","date_gmt":"2025-12-14T07:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/?page_id=171"},"modified":"2025-12-14T08:35:49","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T07:35:49","slug":"mcao","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/harmoni\/instrument\/mcao\/","title":{"rendered":"mcao"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-f9cb6abc wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-d6120bbb wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-7e003bba wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0b40682b wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-xx-large-font-size\">Multi-Conjugate AO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0b40682b wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-x-large-font-size\">The Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) mode of HARMONI is designed to deliver high and uniform image quality over a significantly larger Sky Coverage than Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics, while maintaining near-diffraction-limited performance in the near-infrared. MCAO achieves this by correcting atmospheric turbulence in three dimensions rather than along a single line of sight.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-style-section-2 is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-d9884270 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex is-style-section-2--1\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-098fff0a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"min-height:33vh;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<p>In MCAO mode, wavefront distortions are measured using multiple guide stars distributed across the field, combining natural guide stars with laser guide stars provided by the ELT adaptive optics facility MORFEO. These measurements are used to reconstruct the vertical structure of atmospheric turbulence through tomographic algorithms. The reconstructed turbulence profile is then corrected using multiple deformable mirrors conjugated to different altitudes in the atmosphere, allowing the system to compensate both ground-layer and higher-altitude aberrations. This approach significantly reduces anisoplanatism and produces a more uniform point spread function across the science field.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"899\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-186 size-large\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-decran-2025-12-14-a-08.23.47-1024x899.png\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-decran-2025-12-14-a-08.23.47-1024x899.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-decran-2025-12-14-a-08.23.47-300x264.png 300w, https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-decran-2025-12-14-a-08.23.47-768x675.png 768w, https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Capture-decran-2025-12-14-a-08.23.47.png 1102w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#afaaa3\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0b40682b wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"is-style-default\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">Simulations and system budgets indicate near-infrared Strehl ratios of order 30\u201350% in K band under median conditions, with a stable and spatially homogeneous point spread function across fields of several tens of arcseconds. The delivered image quality is well matched to intermediate spaxel scales and to science cases requiring uniform resolution and sensitivity across extended targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100 is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-accent-5-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/harmoni\/instrument\/\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Back to Overall Instrument<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Multi-Conjugate AO The Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) mode of HARMONI is designed to deliver high and uniform image quality over a significantly larger Sky Coverage than Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics, while maintaining near-diffraction-limited performance in the near-infrared. MCAO achieves this by correcting atmospheric turbulence in three dimensions rather than along a single line of sight. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":129,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-171","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":200,"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171\/revisions\/200"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.harmoni-elt.eu\/harmoni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}